你还知道哪些关于恐龙演变的知识英语（关于恐龙演变的知识简单说一说）
你还知道哪些关于恐龙演变的知识英语（关于恐龙演变的知识简单说一说）
dinosaur
Any of various extinct, often gigantic, carnivorous or herbivorous reptiles of the orders Saurischia and Ornithischia that were chiefly terrestrial and existed during the Mesozoic era.
恐龙：一种主要生活在中生代时期的陆栖动物，是庞大的食肉或食草爬行类动物，属龙盘目与鸟盘目，已绝种
详细资料：
Fossil remains of dinosaurs have been found in rock strata of every continent, indicating that they differed widely in structure, habitat, and diet. Their brain sizes varied, with some predators having brain-to-body ratios equivalent to those of some modern birds and animals. Many species built nests. Many theories regarding dinosaurs and their behavior are hotly debated by the experts. These include the debate over the grouping of birds with dinosaurs, the question of whether nonavian dinosaurs were cold-blooded (ectothermic) or warm-blooded (endothermic), the question of whether dinosaurs protected and nurtured their young in the nest after hatching or whether the young were mobile and self-sufficient at birth, and the reason for the disappearance of nonavian dinosaurs.
No complete fossil dinosaur has ever been discovered. Inferences must be made from fragments or pieces that have been compressed and distorted. Information about the diet has been gleaned from stomach contents and coprolites (fossilized dinosaur feces) and by comparing the teeth to those of living animals, for example, relating the large grinding teeth of hadrosaurs to those of living herbivores. Fossilized dinosaur footprints, such as the trackways found at Davenport Ranch in Texas, have been interpreted as evidence that dinosaurs traveled in herds. What is known about dinosaurs is that, far from being evolutionary failures, they dominated their habitats for most of their 160 million years of existence (the human species Homo sapiens has existed for approximately 150,000-200,000 years).
Although all dinosaurs were originally classified in a single order, it was later discovered that the group contained two distinct types distinguished by structural differences. The pelvis in the saurischian (lizard-hipped) dinosaurs resembles that of still-extant reptiles, but in the ornithischian (bird-hipped) dinosaurs the pubic bone of the pelvis has forward and backward extensions that resemble those found in birds. It was later determined, however, that the backward-tilting hips of ornithischian dinosaurs and birds were the result of convergent evolution and not inheritance. Many other shared characteristics have been noted between birds and saurischians, and it is now believed by many paleontologists that modern birds are in fact extant dinosaurs of the saurischian order.
The jaws and teeth of the two dinosaur orders also differ. The saurischian order, which includes both herbivores and carnivores, has teeth around the entire jaw or confined to the front of the mouth. Ornithischians have “cheek teeth” along the sides of the jaw, but never in the front; the bones at the front of the mouth sometimes developed into the horny beaks typical of modern turtles. All known ornithischians were herbivores.
Dinosaurs are further classified into some common groupings. In the saurischian dinosaurs, some were theropods [Gr., = beast feet], a group sharing hind feet with only three functional toes (e.g., the carnivorous bipeds Tyrannosaurus , Velociraptor , Deinonychus , and possibly the living birds); others were sauropods [Gr., = lizard feet] with small heads and long necks (e.g., the herbivorous quadrupeds Apatosaurus [Brontosaurus] and Diplodocus ). Among the ornithischians, there were ornithopods (bird-footed dinosaurs), such as Iguanodon ; thyreophorans (armored dinosaurs), such as Stegosaurus and Ankylosaurus ; and ceratopsians (horned dinosaurs), such as Triceratops . The total number of dinosaur genera that existed is unknown; new species are discovered every year, but some species, on further examination, are found to be redundant with earlier finds. One estimate of the possible number of distinct genera exceeds 1,800.
Similarities of dinosaurs found on what are now different continents have given scientists clues to the breakup of the supercontinent Pangaea, which began about 170 million years ago. For example, the discovery of a 130-million-year-old African dinosaur similar to the North American Allosaurus suggests that the African plate was connected to the northern continents (Laurasia) longer than had been believed previously.
Dinosaurs were reptiles and most dinosaurs hatched from eggs. Amazingly blue whales are bigger than any dinosaur found so far. The largest dinosaurs were over 100 feet long and up to 50 feet tall. The smallest dinosaurs, were about the size of a chicken.
No one knows exactly what noises dinosaurs made, what color they were or even when they lived. But scientist do have theories on these topics and you can find some of this information in our links.
Most dinosaurs were plant-eaters (herbivores) about 65% of them. Some dinosaurs were meat-eaters (carnivores). Dinosaurs had many different distinguishing features that you can read more about when reading facts on each dinosaur.
No one really knows exactly how many dinosaur species exist. The estimates vary from between 250 to over 1300 species.
The term dinosaur (terrible lizard) was coined by the English anatomist Sir Richard Owen in 1842.
No one knows how the dinosaurs became extinct or even if they are extinct, but there are many interesting theories on the topic and you can read more about them from our links page.
恐龙是出现于二亿四千五百万年前，并繁荣于六千五百万年前结束的中生代爬行动物。或为恐龙和与它同一时代的蛇颈龙、翼龙等的模糊总称。恐龙在6500万年前白垩纪结束的时候突然全部消失，成为地球生物进化史上的一个谜，这个谜至今仍无人能解。地球过去的生物，均被记录在化石之中。中生代的地层中，即曾发现许多恐龙的化石。其中可以见到大量或呈现各式各样形状的骨骼。但是，在紧接着的新生代地层中，却完全看不到恐龙的化石，由此推知恐龙在中生代时一起灭绝了。恐龙种类多，体形和习性相差也大。其中个子大的，可以有几十头大象加起来那么大；小的，却跟一只鸡差不多。就食性来说，有温顺的草食者和凶暴的肉食者，还有荤素都吃的杂食性恐龙。
Dinosaurs appeared in two hundred and forty-five million years ago, sixty-five million years ago and prosperity at the end of the Mesozoic reptiles. Fuzzy general or dinosaurs, and with it the same era plesiosaurs, pterosaurs and other. The dinosaurs 65 million years ago when the end of the Cretaceous period suddenly disappeared, become a mystery to the evolutionary history of life on earth, still no one can solve this mystery. Creatures of the earth in the past, were recorded in the fossils. The Mesozoic strata, that many dinosaur fossils have been found. One can see a lot of presents every kind of shape or bones. But in the ensuing Cenozoic strata, but can not see the dinosaur fossils, and thus to infer with the extinction of the dinosaurs in the Mesozoic. Many kinds of dinosaurs, shape and habits also big difference. Which is great, there are dozens of elephants together so much; small, but with almost a chicken. On the diet, docile herbivores and ferocious carnivorous and omnivorous dinosaur, meat and vegetables to eat.
恐龙 dinosaur ['dainəsɔ:]
n.
1. 【古生物】恐龙[晰龙类(saurischia)和鸟龙类(Ornithischia)爬行动物的总称](已绝种的)大爬行动物[参较plesiosaur]2. [贬义](顽固、老旧、保守的)大人物；(过时的)恐龙式庞然大物；巨大障碍[亦作dinosaurian]3. [用复数]“恐龙”企业，沿袭旧规、经营方式过时、可能破产或“灭绝”的公司(或组织)4. 年老体衰的摇滚乐音乐家adj.(如恐龙般)古时存在而现已绝迹的
There were a lot of kinds of dinosaurs. Like saurischia,Ornithischia and plesiosaur. Some dinosaurs are small, and some are big. Some eat meat and some eat leaves.
Dinosaurs are a diverse group of animals that were the dominant terrestrial vertebrates for over 160 million years, from the late Triassic period (about 230 million years ago) until the end of the Cretaceous (about 65 million years ago). The extinction of most dinosaur species occurred during the Cretaceous–Tertiary extinction event. The fossil record indicates that birds evolved within theropod dinosaurs during the Jurassic period. Some of them survived the Cretaceous–Tertiary extinction event, including the ancestors of all modern birds. Consequently, in modern classification systems, birds are considered a type of dinosaur—the only group of which that has survived to the present day.
Dinosaurs are a diverse and varied group of animals; birds, at over 9,000 species, are the most diverse group of vertebrate besides perciform fish. Paleontologists have identified over 500 distinct genera[4] and more than 1,000 different species of non-avian dinosaurs. Dinosaurs are represented on every continent by both extant species and fossil remains. Some dinosaurs are or were herbivorous, others carnivorous. Some have been bipedal, others quadrupedal, and others have been able to shift between these body postures. Many non-avian species developed elaborate skeletal modifications such as bony armor, horns or crests. Avian dinosaurs have been the planet's dominant flying vertebrate since the extinction of the pterosaurs. Although generally known for the large size of some species, most dinosaurs were human-sized or even smaller. Most groups of dinosaurs are known to have built nests and laid eggs.
There were a lot of kinds of dinosaurs. Like saurischia,Ornithischia and plesiosaur. Some dinosaurs are small, and some are big. Some eat meat and some eat leaves.
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Dinosaurs are a diverse group of animals that were the dominant terrestrial vertebrates for over 160 million years, from the late Triassic period (about 230 million years ago) until the end of the Cretaceous (about 65 million years ago). The extinction of most dinosaur species occurred during the Cretaceous–Tertiary extinction event. The fossil record indicates that birds evolved from theropod dinosaurs during the Jurassic period. Some of them survived the Cretaceous–Tertiary extinction event, including the ancestors of all modern birds. Consequently, in modern classification systems, birds are considered a type of dinosaur — the only group of which that has survived to the present day.
